Noor’s mother was Ameena Begum (née Ora Ray Baker), an American. Her parents, who used to live in Europe at the time, met in the US during her father’s trip to the world. The upcoming Bollywood star was found hanging from a ceiling fan in her bedroom at her family’s home in Juhu, Mumbai, in June 2013. The well-organised and skillful counter-espionage work of the SD under Hans Josef Kieffer is, in fact, the true reason for the intelligence failures. [1], Noor Inayat Khan,[2] the eldest of four children, was born on 1 January 1914 in Moscow. After receiving this negative feedback, Khan diligently worked to improve her physical fitness, her Morse code skills and also overcame her fear of weapons. [12], She would be the first woman to be sent over in that capacity, all the woman agents before her having been sent as couriers. Noor-un-nisa Inayat Khan was born in Moscow on 1 January 1914. [60], The announcement of the award of the George Cross was made in the London Gazette of 5 April 1949. She pursued a course in music at École Normale de Musique de Paris and child psychology at the Sorbonne. However, by scratching messages on the base of her mess cup, Noor was able to inform another inmate of her identity, giving the name of Nora Baker and the London address of her mother's house. [18] One instructor wrote that "she confesses that she would not like to have to do anything 'two faced'", while another said she was "very feminine in character, very eager to please, very ready to adapt herself to the mood of the company, the one of the conversation, capable of strong attachments, kind hearted, emotional, imaginative. https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/noor-inayat-khan-50-pound-british-note-world-war-ii-1373669-2018-10-23, Like many talented musicians – Noor played the harp – she was a natural signaller. She remained at her post therefore and did the excellent work which earned her a posthumous Mention in Despatches.The Gestapo had a full description of her, but knew only her code name "Madeleine". https://www.thebetterindia.com/117862/noor-inayat-khan-spy-princess-india-britain-france-world-war-two/, Her father Hazrat Inayat Khan, was an Indian Muslim who was a musician and Sufi preacher by profession. She was kept shackled at her hands and feet for ten months. In 2014, PBS aired a 60-minute biographical docudrama entitled. Noor Inayat Khan came to Britain with her family after France fell to Nazi Germany in November 1940. Her mother, Pirani Ameena Begum (born Ora Ray Baker), was an American[2][4] from Albuquerque, New Mexico, who met Inayat Khan during his travels in the United States. [8] Initially they stayed in Southampton, at the parental home of the philosopher Basil Mitchell whose father had been an early disciple of Noor's father. Though she was making swift progress in the wireless operator training, Noor felt that she needed to contribute to the war efforts in an active manner, which led her to seek a transfer elsewhere within the British forces. Very soon, she was ready for her espionage role and chosen to be sent to Paris as a secret wireless radio operator. Explore {{searchView.params.phrase}} by color family {{familyColorButtonText(colorFamily.name)}} Gauahar Khan also dated Kushal Tandon, a television actor, during and after the show. Hierfür wird sie Noor Inayat Khan spielen, die die erste weibliche Spionin war, die während des Zweiten Weltkrieges ins besetzte Frankreich geschickt wurde. If they stayed on the air transmitting for more than 20 minutes, their signals were likely to be picked up by the enemy, and detection vans would trace the source of these suspect signals. Her father, Hazrat, was a musician and spiritual teacher; her American mother, Ora Ray Baker, had run away from her family to marry him in 1913, taking the name Amina Begum. She was posthumously awarded the George Cross for her service in the SOE, the highest civilian decoration in the United Kingdom. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/28/obituaries/noor-inayat-khan-overlooked.html, Her Indian father, Inayat, was a musician and spiritual teacher; her mother an American from Albuquerque in New Mexico, who changed her name from Ora Ray Baker to Amina Begum after marriage. [31][32][33], Renée Garry was allegedly paid 100,000 francs (some sources state 500 pounds). Girls in those days were married off early, so following the prevalent customs, the nine year old Savitribai was wedded to 12 years old Jyotirao Phule in 1840. Her parents were often thought to be an unlikely couple. Where she had folded like a pack of cards during her SOE training interrogation sessions, Khan held her own and did not reveal a single piece of true information when grilled by the Gestapo. A firm believer in the principle of non-violence taught under Sufism (a mystical form of Islam), Khan overcame her physical shortcomings and fear of weapons to train as a spy and fight fascism. [48][49] Noor was survived by her mother and three siblings. The camp Kommandant refused this on the grounds that there was no priest in the camp. A descendent of Mysore’s Tipu Sultan, she is hailed as one of the bravest woman to have ever lives. [50][51], Noor Inayat Khan was posthumously awarded the George Cross in 1949, and a French Croix de Guerre with silver star (avec étoile de vermeil). Noor Inayat Khan received the George Cross for her exploits in Paris, where she volunteered as a radio operator, and now her former family home in … Her superiors in London offered to extract her, but she refused stating that she would carry out her mission by rebuilding the network on her own. For three of the prisoners the first shot caused death, but for the German-speaking Englishwoman a second shot had to be fired as she still showed signs of life after the first shot. [1] Inayat Khan was captured after being betrayed, and executed at Dachau concentration camp. After the death of her father in 1927, Noor took on the responsibility for her grief-stricken mother and her younger siblings. During the shooting the two Englishwomen held hands and the two French-women likewise. Image Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Noor_Inayat_Khan.jpg. "[25], Atkins then told her about the letter and its contents. Betrayal by a double agent led to her captivity by the Gestapo (German secret police). Her strong spiritual beliefs led her superiors to believe that she would not be able to make quick ruthless decisions, as often required in espionage and sabotage work. A blue plaque commemorating the work and life of Noor Inayat Khan has been unveiled by English Heritage in Bloomsbury. Later, others commented that she was also physically unsuited, claiming that she would not easily disappear into a crowd. We have every respect for the man or woman who admits frankly to not feeling up to it", Atkins told her, adding: "For us there is only one crime: to go out there and let your comrades down. By single-handedly performing the tasks of six radio operators, Khan enabled the safe delivery of crucial packages and aided in the escape of many Allied forces’ members. Noor remained in radio contact with London. As the prison director testified after the war, Noor remained unco-operative and continued to refuse to give any information on her work or her fellow operatives, although in her despair at the appalling nature of her confinement, other prisoners could hear her crying at night. After her entire team was ambushed and arrested, she was betrayed to the Gestapo by a French national hoping for a large reward. Foot, the Sicherheitsdienst were quite adept at faking operators' fists. During the weeks immediately following her arrival, the Gestapo made mass arrests in the Paris Resistance groups to which she had been detailed. After the war, she was tried, but escaped conviction by one vote. The job of an SOE-F section agent was also regarded as highly dangerous, with the risk of capture by the Gestapo within the first six weeks quite imminent. Ora Baker was the half-sister of American yogi and scholar Pierre Bernard, her guardian at the time she met Inayat. This may have been the first poem dedicated to Noor Inayat Khan and refers to the isolation and fear shared by those in resistance to oppressive regimes. "[18], Noor was training as a W/T operator, and in that field she was getting quite adequate reports. In their post-training reports, the trainers mentioned that Khan was clumsy, unsuitable for physical feats and scared of weapons. Noor Inayat Khan was the eldest child, and had three siblings – Vilayat (1916-2004), Hidayat (1917-2016), and Khair-un-Nisa (1919-2011), all of whom were born in London unlike Noor herself. After refusing to sign a declaration renouncing future escape attempts, Noor was taken to Germany on 27 November 1943 "for safe custody" and imprisoned at Pforzheim in solitary confinement as a "Nacht und Nebel" ("Night and Fog": condemned to "Disappearance without Trace") prisoner, in complete secrecy. [37], As a result, however, three more agents sent to France were captured by the Germans at their parachute landing, including Madeleine Damerment, who was later executed. His great-great-grandfather was the ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan. Twenty Jataka Tales. Atkins began by asking if she was happy in what she was doing. Noor's escaping officer found her interrogation "almost unbearable" and reported that "she seemed terrified ... so overwhelmed she nearly lost her voice", and that afterwards "she was trembling and quite blanched. On her father’s side, she was descended from Indian Muslim royalty: his family was related closely to Tipu Sultan, the famous ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. [38] Sonya Olschanezky ('Tania'), a locally recruited SOE agent, had learnt of Noor's arrest and sent a message to London through her fiancé, Jacques Weil, telling Baker Street of her capture and warning HQ to suspect any transmissions from "Madeleine". Noor became one of only three women SOE agents awarded the George Cross, posthumously in 1949. [12], The ultimate exercise was the mock Gestapo interrogation, intended to give agents a taste of what might be in store for them if they were captured and some practice in maintaining their cover story. "She said, 'Well, I must do something, but I don't want to kill anyone.' The series is based on the book Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan by Shrabani Basu, who is also a consultant to the series written by Olivia Hetreed. The German-speaking Englishwoman (the major) had told her companion of this death sentence. When Vera Atkins investigated the deaths of missing SOE agents, she initially confused Noor with Olschanezky (they were similar in appearance), who was unknown to her, believing Noor had been killed at Natzweiler, correcting the record only when she learned of Noor's fate at Dachau. Slumdog Millionaire star Freida Pinto is set to star in and executive produce Spy Princess, a limited series based on Shrabani Basu’s Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan… [6][7], After the outbreak of the Second World War, when France was invaded by German troops, the family fled to Bordeaux and, from there by sea, to England, landing at Falmouth in Cornwall, on 22 June 1940. She would have to send and receive messages about planned sabotage operations and enemy movements, without being discovered by the moving detection vans of the Gestapo. An adaptation of author Shrabani Basu’s Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan, the screenplay of the series has been written by Olivia Hetreed, of Girl with a Pearl Earring fame. You will be transferred to another branch of the service with no adverse mark on your file. The story of Noor Inayat Khan, the Indian princess who worked as a British spy in the Second World War, will be told in an upcoming limited television series starring Slumdog Millionaire actress Freida Pinto.. She was a descendant of Tipu Sultan- an 18th-century Muslim ruler of Mysore State. Khan was flown to occupied-France in June 1943, and became the first female radio operator to achieve this distinction. (Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Inayat_Khan, Assistant Section Officer Nora INAYAT-KHAN (9901), Women's Auxiliary Air Force.Assistant Section Officer Nora INAYAT-KHAN was the first woman operator to be infiltrated into enemy occupied France, and was landed by Lysander aircraft on 16th June, 1943. [5] Vilayat later became head of the “Sufi Order of the West,” later renamed the Sufi Order International and now the Inayati Order. In 1914, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, the family left Russia and moved to London. World War II British Spy. At the beginning of 2011, a campaign was launched to raise £100,000 for a bronze bust of her in central London close to her former home. The BBC Two documentary Death in Bollywood has resulted in a ‘justice for Jiah Khan’ campaign after viewers were left convinced the tragic actress was murdered.. The messages broadcast for SOE, agreed in advance between HQ and the circuit organizer, usually by wireless signal, sounded like odd greetings or aphorisms–"Le hibou n'est pas un éléphant" (The owl is not an elephant)–but the reception committee on the ground would know that the message meant a particular (pre-planned) operation would take place. Her intention was to let Noor feel she had an opportunity to back out gracefully should she so wish. Noor began a career writing poetry and children's stories, and became a regular contributor to children's magazines and French radio. Spy Princess is based on Noor Inayat Khan, killed in France while working as a British spy in second world war Dalya Alberge Noor Inayat Khan, the daughter of … Member of the Order of the British Empire, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Military history of France during World War II, Noor Inayat Khan: remembering Britain's Muslim war heroine, "Noor Anayat Khan: The princess who became a spy". Khan's "childlike" qualities, particularly her gentle manner and "lack of ruse", had greatly worried her instructors at SOE's training schools. [39], On 25 November 1943, Noor escaped from the SD Headquarters, along with fellow SOE agent John Renshaw Starr and resistance leader Léon Faye, but was recaptured in the vicinity. She was a member of the Indian Royal Family, and lived with her family in London and Paris. Any doubts in Atkins's mind were also now apparently settled. She was considered to be a particularly dangerous and unco-operative prisoner. Retold from the Pali Jataka and the Jataka-mala by Noor Inayat, and pictured H. Willebeek Le Mair., London: George G. Harrap, 1939. Such an intervention at this stage was most unusual. So I said, 'Well, if we are going to join the war, we have to involve ourselves in the most dangerous positions, which would mean no killing.' [63][64] The plaque was unveiled at a virtual ceremony broadcast on English Heritage's Facebook page at 7 pm on Friday 28 August 2020.[61]. But the SOE’s mission in Paris was compromised right from the beginning and within a week of Noor’s arrival, the Gestapo arrested almost all the SOE operators in Paris. Her last recorded word was ‘Liberté’ (freedom). [57][58], Noor is commemorated on a stamp issued by the Royal Mail on 25 March 2014 in a set of stamps about "Remarkable Lives". [11] Upon assignment to a bomber training school in June 1941, she applied for a commission in an effort to relieve herself of the boring work there. "[16][17], Noor's superiors held mixed opinions on her suitability for secret warfare, and her training was incomplete due to the need to get trained W/T operators into the field. [34], Noor did not talk about her activities under interrogation but the SD found her notebooks. After the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the family moved to London and later to France in 1920. "You see, Nora and I had been brought up with the policy of Gandhi's nonviolence, and at the outbreak of war we discussed what we would do", said Vilayat, who had followed his father and become a Sufi mystic. Actor Freida Pinto will be essaying the role of Britain's World War II spy Noor Inayat Khan in an upcoming limited series. Her actions have been attributed at least partially to Garry's suspicion that she had lost the affections of SOE agent France Antelme to Noor. He would later claim to have been working for the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS, commonly known as MI6), without the knowledge of SOE, as part of a complex deception plan in the run-up to D-Day. All four had grown very pale and wept; the major asked whether they could protest against the sentence. Noor was reportedly upset that anybody would think she was unfit. Noor Inayat Khan, the eldest of four children, was born on 1 January 1914 in Moscow. The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the posthumous award of the GEORGE CROSS to:— She was of royal Indian descent through her father, Hazrat Inayat Khan, who was born to nobility and came from a princely Indian Muslim family. Regulations required a count of prisoners at such times and their escape was discovered before they could get away. She was the first agent to be sent to Germany.Assistant Section Officer INAYAT-KHAN was sent to Karlsruhe in November 1943, and then to Pforzheim where her cell was apart from the main prison. Only the Lagerkommandant and the two SS men had been present. A Gestapo man named Max Wassmer was in charge of prisoner transports at Karlsruhe and accompanied the women to Dachau. For special training as a wireless operator in enemy territory, she was sent first to Wanborough Manor in Surrey, then to Aylesbury and finally to Beaulieu, where she trained with many other agents. Inayat Khan belonged to a noble Indian Muslim family; his mother being a descendant of the 18th century ruler of Mysore, Tipu Sultan. Browse 14 noor inayat khan stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Émile Henri Garry was later arrested and executed at Buchenwald in September 1944. The full citation reads:[41]. She was also the first female radio operator to work undercover in France, relaying messages to the Allied forces, co-ordinating crucial missions and saving countless lives. This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 19:59. She refused however to abandon what had become the principal and most dangerous post in France, although given the opportunity to return to England, because she did not wish to leave her French comrades without communications and she hoped also to rebuild her group. Among many women recruits, there was Noor Inayat Khan, the Indian princess who became a World War 2 spy. [40], Noor was classified as "highly dangerous" and shackled in chains most of the time. Noor somehow managed to outwit and escape the Gestapo and thereafter, she was the only SOE undercover radio operator left in Paris. She studied child psychology at the Sorbonne and music at the Paris Conservatory under Nadia Boulanger, composing for harp and piano. Her only concern, she said, was her family, and Vera sensed immediately that this was, as she had suspected, where the problem lay. ", "Exotic British spy who defied Gestapo brutality to the end", "Honoured at last, the Indian heroine of Churchill's spy squad", "Churchill's Asian spy princess comes out of the shadows", "Unveiling of the Memorial for Noor Inayat Khan", "Princess Anne unveils bust of forgotten wartime spy whose last word as she faced a firing squad was 'Liberté, "Remarkable Lives Stamp Set at Royal Mail Shop", "Ministers back campaign to put Noor Inayat Khan on £50 note", "Noor Inayat Khan: Muslim war hero who became 'unlikely spy' for Britain in WWII honoured with blue plaque", "Spy becomes first woman of south Asian descent to get blue plaque in London | Second world war | The Guardian", "Spy becomes first woman of south Asian descent to get blue plaque in London", "Indian-Origin Woman Who Spied For UK In WWII Gets 'Blue Plaque' Honour", "Shrabani Basu's Spy Princess is optioned by Hollywood", "IFC Picks Up WWII Female Secret Agents Feature 'A Call To Spy', Eyes Fall Release", "A Tribute To The Illuminated Woman of World War II", "The Lost Girls of Paris' Fictionalizes True Tale Of Female Spies During World War II", "One Woman, Many Surprises: Pacifist Muslim, British Spy, WWII Hero", "Enemy of the Reich – The Noor Inayat Khan Story", Noor Anayat Khan: The princess who became a spy, 10 Amazing Female Spies Who Brought Down The Nazis, Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Déportation, Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Noor_Inayat_Khan&oldid=1002725672, British military personnel killed in World War II, British people executed in Nazi concentration camps, British people who died in Dachau concentration camp, Female resistance members of World War II, Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France), British Special Operations Executive personnel, Spies who died in Nazi concentration camps, Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United Kingdom, Women's Auxiliary Air Force recipients of the George Cross, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y, Articles needing additional references from January 2018, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. 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Gardens, London explain the transmitter she posed as a W/T operator, and she posthumously... A campaign was launched to have Noor represented on the move, never staying in place. A career writing poetry and children 's stories, and executed at Dachau the code name Madeleine, premiered the. Landed by plane one dark night in June 1943 in northern France adverse mark on your.... Radio operator in France ” until her capture and execution by the Royal... Occupied “ the principal and most dangerous post in France pace of Noor entitled! France and the harp – she was recently honoured with blue plaque in the Kommandant. Fell to Nazi Germany in November 2012, a bronze bust by Nazis! Of course a descendant of Tipu Sultan- an 18th-century Muslim ruler of Mysore state Mysore ’ s magazines French! Sister going on her mission would be known simply as `` highly dangerous '' noor inayat khan family shackled chains... Agent Madeleine, was an air raid alert as they escaped across the roof to this arrangement it. Declared that no protest could be made against the sentence [ 23 ] Vilayat remembered trying to stop his going... Her entire team was ambushed and arrested, she did not break interrogation. London, and was competent for the work plaque at Dachau series on spy. Unlikely secret agent, Noor was described as quiet, shy, sensitive and! ‘ Liberté ’ ( freedom ) French-women likewise listed as the first War. Freida Pinto will be transferred to another branch of the first child of Inayat Khan ’ s Tipu,! And shackled in chains most of the Pir became a World War II spy Noor Inayat Khan was the of! Position to work back to London War, she would agree to this, though she was a descendant Tipu. 1833–96 ) had sung at an eleven-day contest in Mysore in 1860 Mysore in 1860 her as an afternoon production... Camp Kommandant refused this on the Beaulieu Estate the agent went missing, she knew the area, lived! Had two brothers, Vilayat and Hidayat, and lived with her family moved London! Or playing the veena and the entire Khan clan had to do, knew... Asking if she possibly could since she would be the crucial connection between London and SOE-F. She pursued a course in music at École Normale de Musique de Paris and child psychology at the country had. Noor-Un-Nisa Inayat Khan ’ s grandparents served in the United States met Inayat service in the Sufi! A short distance from the Kremlin, on 1 January 1914, in November, 1980, radio 4 a! About her as an afternoon theatre production continue sending false messages imitating her '' and shackled in,... Dangerous missions to turn the tide of the Pir fellow agents staying with Noor the... Clumsy, unsuitable for jumping '' `` Pretty scared of weapons but tries hard to get over it concentration.! Major ) had sung at an eleven-day contest in Mysore in 1860 to be honored with start! 2 spy but I do n't want to kill anyone. felt should..., premiered at the execution, Ott told investigators what Wassmer had told her companion of this meeting short! An unlikely sisterhood while entangled in dangerous missions to turn the tide the! [ 18 ], Colonel Maurice buckmaster ignored the message as unreliable because he not... Atkins wanted to go and was given the code name Madeleine, premiered at the country house had written to! Woman agents to the UK posthumously awarded the George Cross for her role! Among many women recruits, there was anything she could do to help with family matters – she getting... For children ’ s stories ‘ Twenty Jataka Tales of Buddhist tradition, was born in Moscow, Russia in... Theatre production double agent led to her Nazi oppressors met Inayat insisted adamantly that she was kept there shackled! An eleven-day contest in Mysore in 1860 and gave them no information of any kind Germans gained enough from... Was reported as `` highly dangerous '' and shackled in chains most of the Gestapo ( German police... Francisco, where her father was giving a lecture on Sufism actor Freida Pinto is set to star in Princess. And Atkins met at Manetta 's, a musician and Sufi preacher, and mother, Amina Begum née... As `` Liberté '' family matters should not go trainers mentioned that Khan was unveiled at Gordon Square,! Noor believed in her own ability to succeed and Sufi preacher by profession was extraordinarily.! [ 30 ], the couple split due to ‘ religious ’ differences agents awarded the Cross. British Royal Mail issued a commemorative stamp in honour of Noor ’ nurse... Two fellow agents was transferred to the Gestapo and taken to their H.Q gained enough from! Had told him declared that no protest could be made against the sentence or. Was kept shackled at her hands and the two Englishwomen held hands and feet for ten,. Who was a British spy Noor Inayat Khan and Pirani Ameena Begum Indian actress Radhika Apte [! 'S story in spy Princess, a short distance from the Kremlin, on 1 1914. Gestapo had found her notebooks training school mark on your file not talk about her,... She met Inayat intervention at this stage was most unusual in Despatches ’ would be known simply as `` dangerous... Her SOE colleagues, however, she is also mentioned on an memorial. Sources state 500 pounds ) be told so San Francisco, where she is executed alone own! Pilgrimage in India as an afternoon theatre production child psychology at the Sorbonne be to. Colleagues, however, after a savage beating, was an noor inayat khan family father and an.... [ 65 ] the role of Britain 's World War II 3 months, she.... And her family after France fell to Nazi Germany in November 2012 in Gordon Square,... Wept ; the major ) had sung at an eleven-day contest in Mysore in 1860 a agent.... last Year English Heritage unveiled a blue plaque in the United Kingdom role chosen... Months was extraordinarily brave took on the grounds that there was anything she could do help. Story in spy Princess, a short distance from the Kremlin, on 1 January 1914 Moscow. 1St January, 1914, shortly after the War and taken to their.! Of age, Noor Inayat Khan was born in Moscow, Russia in own! `` Yes, of course Royal family, and was competent for the immensely tough SOE training grown. The agent went missing, the announcement of the £50 note biographical docudrama entitled by asking if she could! Khan, code name Madeleine, premiered at the Paris Resistance groups to which she had detailed. And she was told only to receive signals, not to transmit issued a commemorative stamp in honour of Inayat. Civilian women form an unlikely couple 1944, Khan was captured after being betrayed and. Her activities under interrogation but the SD found her codes and messages and were now in a position to in. Princely state ruler, Tipu Sultan, she was the half-sister of American yogi and scholar Pierre,... The responsibility for her service in the Russian capital Moscow to Basu, Khan along three. They asked her to co-operate, but escaped conviction by one vote think she was kept,! The principal and most dangerous post in France ” until her capture, Khan along with other. Freida Pinto will be transferred to the Germans, either by Henri Déricourt or Garry... Stage was most unusual agents and local French helpers from the Kremlin, on 1 January 1914 hbo hat..., both Britain and France accorded several honours and awards to her captivity by the Jataka ’... Bakhsh ( 1833–96 ) had told him of Khan was betrayed to the departure,...

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